{"id":2040,"date":"2007-05-06T08:35:00","date_gmt":"2007-05-06T07:35:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hatuey.blogs-de-voyage.fr\/2007\/05\/06\/chunkanan-production-du-sisal\/"},"modified":"2019-04-09T06:52:43","modified_gmt":"2019-04-09T05:52:43","slug":"chunkanan-production-du-sisal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/winpict.com\/WP_cuba\/2007\/05\/06\/chunkanan-production-du-sisal\/","title":{"rendered":"Chunkanan, Production du Sisal"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n
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<\/strong>\"Int\u00e9gralit\u00e9<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
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Henequen.
\n<\/b> \u00ab\u00a0<\/strong>Green gold of the Yucatan Peninsula\u00ab\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
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Notre histoire avec l’Hacienda de Chunkanan est assez ancienne.<\/span><\/p>\n

J’ai retrouv\u00e9 cette note de voyage qui date d’avant l’invention des blogs, \u00e9crite par Anny pour ses amis am\u00e9ricains sur Multimania – rachet\u00e9 depuis par Lycos – qui h\u00e9bergeait nos premiers sites \u00e0 l’\u00e9poque.
\n(21 mars 2001)<\/p>\n

Depuis nous y passons r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement \u00e0 chacun de nos voyages dans le Yucatan et avons pu ainsi \u00e9tablir une relation avec les ouvriers qui entretiennent les champs, font visiter les trois cenotes<\/strong> qui se trouvent sur la propri\u00e9t\u00e9, et travaillent les feuilles de Henequen<\/strong> pour n’en conserver que la fibre, qui servait autrefois \u00e0 faire entre autre des cordages pour les bateaux.
\nLa fibre est connue sous le nom de Sisal<\/strong>, qui est le port d’o\u00f9 elle partait pour l’Europe.
\nNotre premier guide, Valerio<\/strong>, nous aura appris tout de cette plante qui exige beaucoup d’efforts des travailleurs pour rapporter que tr\u00e8s peu d’argent.
\nMais dans ce village maya tr\u00e8s pauvre, loin de tout, il n y a pas d’autre choix pour survivre.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Dans les notes qui suivront vous verrez l’Hacienda et l’usine (une \u00ab\u00a0defibradora\u00a0\u00bb) quand nous l’avons connue, et jusqu’\u00e0 sa fin, d\u00e9truite par un des derniers cyclones \u00e0 avoir travers\u00e9 le Yucatan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Beaucoup de photos et vid\u00e9os amass\u00e9es gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la gentillesse des ouvriers, heureux de nous montrer cette exploitation dans le d\u00e9tail, jusqu’\u00e0 nous faire tresser une corde avec le produit final de leur travail: le sisal.
\nJe ne traduis pas la note. Celles qui suivront avec vid\u00e9os et photos la compl\u00e9teront.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

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La note date du 21.03.2001, les interviews datent de 1998.
\n<\/strong> (Note originale sur Lycos<\/a>)<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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The following information is guaranteed to be either true, not true, or almost true, as the people of Mayan descent, being of a rather friendly and courteous nature, would rather invent details than disappoint their visitors by saying they don’t know.
\nThe following report is based on conversations with local people during several trips to Chunkanan<\/strong>, which is near the town of\u00a0 Cuzama<\/strong>, which is near the city of Acanceh<\/strong>, which is not far from Merida<\/strong> in the great state of Yucatan which is found on the central portion of the peninsula of the same name\u00a0 located in the southeast of the republic of Mexico.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
We start our adventure from Chunkanan<\/strong> on a small flatbed of wood, formerlly used to bring the henequen in from the sometimes far-off fields.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Across fields of henequen that are still harvested on a regular basis,we ride on the hard wooden platforms, pulled by a skeletal horse on narrow-gage railraid ties.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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As the \u00ab\u00a0campesino\u00a0\u00bb struggles to keep the\u00a8\u00a0\u00bbtruck\u00a0\u00bb on the uneven rails, he talks to me about his town of 50 families or so and explains the production at the hacienda.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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\"\"The harvest takes place three times a year, he explains.\u00a0 At this time, the owners of the land will cut from 3 to 5 leaves off each plant.\u00a0 Some of the greedy ones have cut more, thus killing a plant that has taken 7 years to reach the maturity to be harvested.\u00a0 A properly cared-for plant will produce for 15 to 20 years.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\"\"The \u00ab\u00a0leaves\u00a0\u00bb are gathered together into bunches of 40.\u00a0 These bunches are then sectioned off into piles of 25, constituting a \u00ab\u00a0millard.\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0 They will be stacked onto a flatbed like the one we are riding, and taken to the local \u00ab\u00a0casa de maquinas,\u00a0\u00bb the machine house, or fiber-processing factory.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\"\"<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
The harvester will be paid according to the net weight of his \u00ab\u00a0defibered\u00a0\u00bb leaves.\u00a0 Good quality henequen will produce 25 kilos for each \u00ab\u00a0millard,\u00a0\u00bb lower qualities only 22.\u00a0 At current prices of 4 pesos a kilo, a millard can bring a worker from 88 to 100 pesos.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
An average worker harvests about 50 millards off his part of the land in one harvest, thus earning\u00a0 between 4400 and 5,000 pesos.\u00a0 There are three harvests in each year, so the average income is around 14,000 for the year– around 1,300 US dollars.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Owned by a land magnate in colonial times, the factory and much of the land has been redistributed to the local people.\u00a0 The manager of the factory is elected to a term of 3 years, the current manager has been in charge for 8 years, because everyone thinks\u00a0 he is \u00ab\u00a0doing a good job.\u00a0\u00bb It is the job of the manager to supervise the plant, hire workers, and find the best buyer for the finished fibers.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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\nAt one time the plants were run by steam, so smokestacks are an easy way to spot haciendas from a distance.\u00a0 Now the machinery is mainly run by gasoline-powered equipment, remniscent of the days before electric lines were brought out to the small towns of Yucatan.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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As more leaves are brought in from the fields, the workers struggle to keep up, feeding leaves to the noisy machines and then gathering up the green fibers.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
The waste, a worm sticky green goo, is drained into pits that run away from the factory, while the odiferous solids are carted off in \u00ab\u00a0vagos.\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Henequen. \u00ab\u00a0Green gold of the Yucatan Peninsula\u00ab\u00a0 Notre histoire avec l’Hacienda de Chunkanan est assez ancienne. J’ai retrouv\u00e9 cette note de voyage qui date d’avant l’invention des blogs, \u00e9crite par Anny pour ses amis am\u00e9ricains sur Multimania – rachet\u00e9 depuis par Lycos – qui h\u00e9bergeait nos premiers sites \u00e0 l’\u00e9poque. (21 mars 2001) Depuis nous y passons r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement \u00e0 chacun de nos voyages dans le Yucatan et avons pu ainsi \u00e9tablir une relation avec les ouvriers qui entretiennent les champs, font visiter les trois cenotes qui se trouvent sur la propri\u00e9t\u00e9, et travaillent les feuilles de Henequen pour n’en conserver […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[10],"tags":[904,909,951,955,980,1005,1024,1055],"class_list":["post-2040","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cuba","tag-cenotes","tag-chunkanan","tag-hatuey-photographies","tag-henequen","tag-mexique-2","tag-plantation","tag-sisal","tag-yucatan"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6O0Me-wU","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/winpict.com\/WP_cuba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2040","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/winpict.com\/WP_cuba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/winpict.com\/WP_cuba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/winpict.com\/WP_cuba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/winpict.com\/WP_cuba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2040"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/winpict.com\/WP_cuba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2040\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8457,"href":"http:\/\/winpict.com\/WP_cuba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2040\/revisions\/8457"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/winpict.com\/WP_cuba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2040"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/winpict.com\/WP_cuba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2040"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/winpict.com\/WP_cuba\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2040"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}